Schottky Diodes & Rectifiers
A Schottky diode, also known as Barrier diodes or Hot Carrier Diodes, are distinguished by their rapid switching capabilities and exceptionally low forward voltage drop. In contrast to standard diodes, which typically exhibit a voltage drop between 0.6 and 1.7 volts, Schottky diodes feature a minimal drop ranging from 0.15 to 0.45 volts. This lower voltage drop not only facilitates faster switching speeds but also improves overall system efficiency, making them ideal for high-efficiency applications.
Rectifier diodes, on the other hand, are crucial for converting alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). They function as one-way valves in electrical circuits, allowing current to flow in a single direction. This capability is vital in applications that require a steady and consistent DC output, such as in power supplies and radio signal demodulation. Schottky diodes can also serve as efficient Schottky rectifiers in circuits that benefit from their low forward voltage properties.
Types of Schottky Diodes & Rectifiers
Here are some of the common Schottky diodes:
1N5819 Schottky Diode
The 1N5819 Schottky diode features a high switching speed and a low forward voltage drop, making it ideal for high-frequency applications such as inverters and DC-DC converters.
1N5822 Schottky Diode
With a forward voltage drop of at least 0.525 V, the 1N5822 excels in applications like low voltage high-frequency inverters, freewheeling, DC/DC converters, signal detection, polarity protection, radio frequency (RF) uses, and logic circuits.
MBR20100 Schottky Rectifier
This dual Schottky rectifier can handle high currents, supporting up to 20A per diode with a peak reverse voltage of 100V. It is commonly used in converter circuits.
SS14 Schottky Diode
The SS14, a surface-mount version of the 1N5819, offers over-voltage protection with its low profile package designed for automated placement. It’s widely used in low voltage, high frequency inverters, freewheeling, DC/DC converters, and polarity protection applications.
MBR340 Schottky Rectifier
Characterised by a low forward voltage drop and high frequency operation, the MBR340 is designed for durability and reliability, with applications in switching power supplies, converters, freewheeling diodes, and reverse battery protection.
1N5817 Schottky Diode
Optimised for low forward voltage drop and moderate leakage, the 1N5817 is suitable for use in switching power supplies, converters, freewheeling diodes, and reverse battery protection.
1N4007 Rectifier Diode
A fundamental component in power supplies and rectifier circuits, the 1N4007 handles up to 1kV peak reverse voltage and 1A forward current, ideal for converting AC to DC in various electronic circuits.
SB560 Schottky Rectifier
The SB560 is tailored for low voltage/high frequency inverters, free-wheeling, and polarity protection applications, boasting high efficiency, current capability, and surge capacity. Its applications extend to automotive and power management sectors.
Why Use a Schottky Diode?
Schottky Diodes are favoured for their fast recovery time, which ultimately results in a small amount of stored charge that can be used for high speed switches. They feature a low turn voltage between 0.15 and 0.45 volts, a higher efficiency, and the integrated guard ring protects the internal components from stress, keeping them running smoothly for longer. The low junction capacitance occupies a small space, after the results given from the wire point contact the silicon, the capacitance levels are also very small.
Applications of Schottky Diodes
Schottky diodes are integral to various technologies due to their rapid switching capabilities and efficient voltage handling. Here are some of their key applications:
- Voltage clamping: Utilised for protecting circuits by clamping voltage spikes, thereby preventing transistor saturation in electronic devices.
- Power rectification: Commonly employed as rectifiers in power supplies, these diodes efficiently convert alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), ensuring minimal power loss thanks to their low forward voltage drop.
- RF mixing and detection: Their high-speed switching and frequency capabilities make Schottky diodes ideal for radio frequency (RF) applications such as diode ring mixers, enhancing performance in communication equipment.
- Power OR circuits: In systems where dual power supplies are used, such as in battery backups, Schottky diodes prevent the intermixing of power sources, ensuring a reliable supply to the load.
- Solar power systems: Essential in solar panels and grid-connected systems, they prevent reverse charging from batteries at night and protect high-performing solar cells from discharging into lower-performing ones.
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